Much research has been done on biculturalism, self-determination, and perceived discrimination, but researchers have not examined all 3 constructs in relation to each other. Moreover, researchers have rarely compared Vietnamese refugees and U.S.-born Vietnamese people. We compared Vietnamese refugees to their U.S.-born counterparts, ages 18-25, on biculturalism, self-determination, and perceived discrimination. Two hundred twenty-four Vietnamese Americans residing in Southern California completed the Young Adults of Vietnamese Ancestry Questionnaire. Independent samples t tests showed that the 2 groups of Vietnamese Americans differed significantly on level of biculturalism, but not on self-determination or perceived discrimination. There were no sex or age differences on any of the variables, and biculturalism, self-determination, and perceived discrimination were not significantly correlated. Some results from this study were consistent with past findings, and some were conflicting. Investigators should conduct further research to improve the questionnaire and to expand our knowledge and understanding of Vietnamese Americans.

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