Ethnic self-labels have been overlooked as an important dimension of ethnic identity. Knowledge on how people ethnically self-identify can help shed light on their unique cultural experiences. We examined differences in acculturation status and related psychological processes across ethnic self-labels among Mexican origin college students (N = 160). Across three ethnic label typologies (national, "Mexican"; pan-ethnic, "Hispanic"; compound, "Mexican American"), differences emerged in linguistic acculturation and acculturative stress, but not self-esteem or ethnic identity. Such findings highlight the importance and utility of ethnic self-identification in our understanding of acculturation status and related psychological processes.