Psi Chi Midwestern Regional Research Award Posters (2007 MPA)
Conference: Psi Chi Midwestern Regional Convention Program (2007)
Psi Chi Poster Session: Midwestern Regional Research Award Winners10:00 a.m.–12:30 p.m., Upper Exhibit HallModerator: Betsy L. Morgan, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
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A Twin Study of Preschool Problem BehaviorsWENDY N. YOUNG, Southern Illinois University Carbondale (Lisabeth DiLalla, Faculty Sponsor)
This study examined genetic effects on both parent questionnaire and lab ratings of problem behaviors in preschoolers. Both types of ratings showed evidence of genetic influence. Additionally, a relation was shown between peer play behaviors that contribute to difficult interactions and parent ratings of externalizing problem behaviors at age 5.
2
Differences in Appraisal: Anger Versus Jealousy in Close RelationshipsLYNNE CLURE, Rockhurst University (Katherine Nicolai, Faculty Sponsor)
This study examined the differences in cognitive appraisal between anger and jealousy in close relationships. It was hypothesized that the two emotions would yield different appraisals and specifically that threat would correspond to jealousy. Significant effects for gender and emotion were found; however, hypotheses related to threat were not supported.
3
Rape Myth Acceptance and the Unobtrusive Presentation of Sexually Degrading ImagesALYSSA WILLIAMS, John Carroll University (John Yost, Faculty Sponsor)
The present study measured the effect of a sexually degrading photograph on rape myth acceptance. Results show that males unobtrusively primed with a degrading photo demonstrate greater acceptance of common rape myths than both males exposed to a non-degrading photograph and females in general.
4
Masculinity and Femininity: Do Sex, Race, and Social Class Matter?BRIANNE NILLISSEN and CAITLIN YOUNG, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse (Betsy Morgan, Faculty Sponsor)
This study measured the impact of sex, race, and social class on perceptions of masculinity and femininity of given scenarios with 203 participants. Results partially support our hypotheses that masculinity would be highest for Black, working class males and femininity would be highest for White, middle/upper class females.
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Caffeine and College: The Perceived Effects of Caffeine on Heart Rate and AlertnessSARAH OLBRANTZ and MEGAN PETERSON, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse (Bart A. Van Voorhis, Faculty Sponsor)
This study measured the effects of caffeine on heart rate, maze reaction time, and subjective alertness. Measures of heart rate indicated a main effect for what participants were told they were consuming (caffeinated or non-caffeinated coffee). Measures of maze task performance indicated main effects regarding what participants actually consumed and their reaction time.
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The Psychophysiology of Forgiveness: Assessing the Effects of Suppression and Reappraisal to Cope with Memories of a Past Interpersonal HurtNATHANIEL DEYOUNG and ALICIA HOFELICH, Hope College (Charlotte Witvliet, Faculty Sponsor)
This study measured the emotion-related physiology of forgiveness-related coping strategies and ruminations about a past hurt. Facial EMG showed that suppression calmed brow (corrugator) tension. Suppression and reappraisal calmed eye muscle (orbicularis oculi) tension. Reappraisal stimulated smiling (zygomatic) activity. Self-reports showed that reappraisal most strongly increased positive emotion and forgiveness.
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A Lifespan Portrait of Aging Expectations and Health BehaviorsMICHELLE WELTZIEN, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse (Carol Oyster, Faculty Sponsor)
Individuals who view health problems as a natural part of aging are less likely to engage in health behaviors. The current study explores health behaviors, aging expectations, and anxiety in college students, their mothers, and grandmothers. Students show more positive health and aging expectations, but have greater aging appearance anxiety.
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The Language of Forgiveness: Linguistic Analyses of Suppression and Reappraisal Responses to a Real-Life OffenderALICIA HOFELICH and NATHANIEL DEYOUNG, Hope College (Charlotte Witvliet, Faculty Sponsor)
This study assessed participants' written responses to real-life offenses after engaging in rumination, suppression, or reappraisal imagery about those past hurts. Linguistic analyses showed that both suppression and reappraisal coping strategies reduced negative emotion associated with rumination, but only reappraisal increased positive emotion and interpersonal references. Suppression reduced forgiveness language.
10
Rationalizing Away Guilt: The Role of Cognitive Dissonance in Academically Dishonest BehaviorsSARAH J. WIDMAN, John Carroll University (John H. Yost, Faculty Sponsor)
Academically dishonest behaviors may provoke a period of cognitive dissonance and one may attempt rationalize away guilt. This study found that if participants reflected on their most academically dishonest behavior (vs. control), participants perceived higher frequency in academically dishonest behaviors of fellow students and for males only, guilt was alleviated.
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Substance Use in Students at a Prohibitionist UniversityLISA LIEN, Andrews University (Herbert W. Helm, Jr., Faculty Sponsor)
Previous research indicates that substance use has increased over the past few years. This study looks at substance use in a university sample over a ten year period. The three surveys done during this time suggest that substance use at a prohibitionist university has either decreased or stabilized.
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Attachment and Vulnerability to Depression: The Role of View of Self and Emotion RegulationLINDSEY D. MATSON and DAVID D. LUXTON, University of Kansas (Rick E. Ingram, Faculty Sponsor)
The current study tested a model in which view of self (self-concept clarity and certainty of self-esteem) and emotion regulation strategies (suppression and reappraisal) mediated attachment style and depression risk. The results suggest that both view of self and emotion regulation are important factors that link attachment and depression risk.
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Who Forgives an Unfaithful Romantic Partner? The Relationship Between Attachment and ForgivenessTIFFANY EVERDING, Simpson College (Sal Meyers, Faculty Sponsor)
This study examined how adult attachment styles influences the tendency to forgive a romantic partner after he/she commits both mild and severe relational transgressions. Individuals who are securely attached were expected to forgive their partners more often for committing mild transgressions than those who are insecurely attached.
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Paternal Involvement as it Relates to Adolescents' Risky Sexual BehaviorSTACY MYERS and LAUREN CHERNEY, Kent State University (Manfred van Dulmen, Faculty Sponsor)
This study measures the impact of paternal involvement on adolescents' risky sexual behavior. Involvement is measured using two dimensions of parental interaction, namely perceived closeness and engaging in physical activities, while controlling for mothers.
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Sexual Attitude's Influence on Perceptions of Justice With Workplace RomancesJESSICA M. KEEL, ROBIN A. DEBOLT, ERICA L. BREITENBACH, and CHRISTINA WINEBRENNER, Northern Kentucky University (Jeffrey Smith & Philip J. Moberg, Faculty Sponsors)
This research assesses the influence of general sexual attitudes on perceptions of procedural and interactional justice toward management interventions of workplace romances. Results indicate that general sexual attitudes indicate that general sexual attitudes were significantly related to perceptions of procedural justice but not interactional justice.
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False Semantic and Phonological Recall Within the DRM Paradigm: Cognitive Development or Language Processing Ability?JACQUELYN N. GIEM and CECILIA F. MONTANO, Andrews University (Karl G. D. Bailey, Faculty Sponsor)
This study examined semantic and phonological false recall within the DRM paradigm in Spanish-speakers of various abilities. Beginning and intermediate speakers exhibited more false phonological recall and advanced speakers exhibited more false semantic recall. These results suggest the importance of language processing ability within the DRM paradigm.
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The Association Between Spiritual Problems and Psychological Distress in Persons Seeking Treatment for Alcohol ProblemsRACHEL MIRECKI, Marquette University (Stephen Saunders, Faculty Sponsor)
This study examined whether persons in treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUD) reported discrepancy between current and preferred religious/spiritual functioning, and whether discrepancy was associated with severity of AUD and psychiatric problems. Discrepancies resulted between current and preferred religious/spiritual functioning and correlated with severity of AUD and psychiatric problems.
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What's Your Gender Baby? The Influence of Femininity, Masculinity, and Hypermasculinity on Close RelationshipsBRANDILYNN R. SHIPLER and NICOLE A. KRANZ, Morningside College (Susan R. Burns, Faculty Sponsor)
One hundred and seven participants completed surveys to assist in examining the predictability of self perceived gender and hypermasculinity on attachment relationship behaviors. Regression analyses indicated that masculinity and femininity significantly negatively predicted relationship anxiety and avoidance. Sex and hypermasculinity, although related to each other, did not predict relationship experiences.
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The Development of Depth Perception From Motion Parallax in InfancySHERRYSE MAYO, KARIN OLSON, BRIANNE BRINK, and VIDA MURPHY, Minnesota State University Moorhead (Elizabeth Nawrot, Faculty Sponsor)
Motion parallax is a monocular, dynamic depth cue. Observers viewed a translating random-dot cinematogram--which appears to adults as a 3D "s" shape. Infants were habituated to the stimulus across trials, then tested for dishabituation to a depth-reversed and flat stimulus. Most discriminated the depth by 18 weeks.
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Factors for Psychological Abuse Among Males With and Without Military TrainingMEGAN MCCALL, Scripps College (Judith Lemaster, Faculty Sponsor)
This study utilized structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between covert narcissism, self-efficacy, relationship satisfaction, depression, alcohol and drug use, military experience, and partner psychological abuse. Resulting models demonstrated that the predictors of psychological abuse were significantly different between military and civilian populations.